Pain Dictionary
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- Incubation
- In bacteriology; the cultivation time.
- Infection
- Presence of micro organisms capable of tissue destruction and invasion or formation of toxins, accompanied by local or systemic signs or symptoms.
- Inflammation
- Defensive reaction to tissue injury (not necessarily microbial cause); involves increased blood flow and capillary permeability with migration of white blood cells which facilitate physiologic clean up of wound. Signs and symptoms: heat (calor), redness (rubor), swelling (tumor), pain (dolor).
- Interleukin
- Cell signals, cytokines, produced by leucocytes (not exclusively), which function during inflammatory responses. Many cytokines are initially given descriptive names but, as their basic structure is identified, they are renamed as “interleukins” (messengers between leukocytes). E.g. interleukin-1, or IL-1, that e.g. helps to activate B- and T-lymphocytes during inflammation.
- Integrins
- Membrane proteins involved in the adhesion (attachment) of cells to the extracellular matrix.
- Invasive
- An organism or a device (e.g. needle) that penetrate tissue.
- In vitro
- Literally means ‘in glass’. It is a general term for cells, or experiments performed on cells, in culture as opposed to cells in a multicellular organism.
- In vivo
- Literally means ‘in life’. It is a general term used to describe cells in their natural multicellular environment, or experiments done on intact organisms, rather than on isolated cells in culture.
- Infection
- The deposition and multiplication of organisms in tissue with an associated host reaction.
- Inflammation
- Bacteria are killed, foreign matter and toxins are removed and damaged tissue is walled off. Symptoms are: erythema, raised temperature, swelling, exudate and pain.
